The destructive impact of military actions in Ukraine on soil quality, starting from 2014 to the present, is complex and negatively affects the ecological stability of the region. The prolonged warfare leads to the physical destruction of the soil cover due to explosions from shells, mines, and other ammunition, which create craters, damage the surface, and alter the natural soil structure. This disrupts soil fertility, reduces its water retention capacity, and leads to active erosion processes. Additionally, soil contamination with toxic substances such as heavy metals (lead, cadmium, copper) and remnants of explosives poses a significant problem. These chemical compounds enter the soil due to explosions, fuel spills, and the destruction of infrastructure, causing soil degradation and the accumulation of harmful substances in the food chain.

All these factors have a negative impact on environmental safety, agriculture, and public health, making the issue of soil degradation critical for the recovery and sustainable development of the affected regions.